COIN

(Context, Observation, Impact, Next-Steps)

Helps you give clear and constructive feedback by setting the scene, describing the observed behavior, explaining the impact, and suggesting next steps.

How to implement

Context
Set the scene and provide relevant background information about when and where the behavior occurred.

Observation
Describe the specific behavior you observed without judgment or interpretation.

Impact
Explain the effect or consequence of the observed behavior.

Next Steps
Suggest or agree on specific actions the person can take to improve in the future.

Example

”In the report you submitted yesterday [Context], I noticed that the sales figures for Q1 were incorrect [Observation]. This could lead to inaccurate business decisions if we rely on this data for our forecasting [Impact]. Could you please review and correct the figures by the end of the day? [Next Steps]”